{"id":2424,"date":"2017-12-16T10:00:24","date_gmt":"2017-12-16T07:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/?p=2424"},"modified":"2018-01-14T07:16:41","modified_gmt":"2018-01-14T04:16:41","slug":"zurnals-atdzimst-jekaba-katedrales-vesturiskais-muris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/2017\/12\/16\/zurnals-atdzimst-jekaba-katedrales-vesturiskais-muris\/","title":{"rendered":"\u017durn\u0101ls: Atdzimst J\u0113kaba katedr\u0101les v\u0113sturiskais m\u016bris"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"LBS-59-KATEDRALE_Page_1-MID\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Sv\u0113t\u0101 J\u0113kaba katedr\u0101les v\u0113sture ir tikpat raiba k\u0101 m\u016bris, kas rot\u0101 \u0161\u0101 sen\u0101 dievnama fas\u0101di. S\u0101kotn\u0113ji celta k\u0101 kato\u013cu bazn\u012bca, t\u0101 ar\u012b tagad ir Romas kato\u013cu R\u012bgas metropolijas R\u012bgas arhidiec\u0113zes draudzes katedr\u0101le un arhib\u012bskapa rezidence Vecr\u012bg\u0101, J\u0113kaba iel\u0101 9. Ta\u010du bazn\u012bcas \u0113ka piedz\u012bvojusi ar\u012b citus laikus: vair\u0101kas reizes izmitin\u0101jusi luter\u0101\u0146u draudzes, jezu\u012bti taj\u0101 dibin\u0101ju\u0161i vienu no vec\u0101kaj\u0101m R\u012bgas skol\u0101m, bet Napoleona karag\u0101jiena laik\u0101 \u0113ka izmantota pat k\u0101 noliktava, kur\u0101 glab\u0101ti p\u0101rtikas kr\u0101jumi.<\/p>\n

Pa\u0161laik katedr\u0101lei tiek veikta tor\u0146a un fas\u0101des v\u0113sturisk\u0101 \u0137ie\u0123e\u013cu m\u016bra restaur\u0101cija saska\u0146\u0101 ar projektu, kuru izstr\u0101d\u0101jusi SIA \u201cArhitektonisk\u0101s izp\u0113tes grupa\u201d un kura autoruzraudz\u012bbu veic arhitekts Art\u016brs Lapi\u0146\u0161. Savuk\u0101rt pa\u0161i m\u016bra atjauno\u0161anas darbi uztic\u0113ti akciju sabiedr\u012bbai \u201cB\u016bvuz\u0146\u0113mums Restaurators\u201d.<\/p>\n

Par to, k\u0101 uz\u0146\u0113mumam veicies ar projekta realiz\u0101ciju, st\u0101sta AS \u201cB\u016bvuz\u0146\u0113mums Restaurators\u201d restauratore Anete Grava<\/a>,<\/strong> kura ar \u0137ie\u0123e\u013cu m\u016bru atjauno\u0161anu daudz str\u0101d\u0101jusi ar\u012b iepriek\u0161: R\u012bgas pil\u012b, C\u0113su viduslaiku pil\u012b, R\u012bgas Doma katedr\u0101l\u0113, k\u0101 ar\u012b citos projektos.<\/p>\n

\"LBS-59-KATEDRALE_Page_2-MID\"<\/a><\/p>\n

S\u0101k ar fas\u0101des att\u012br\u012b\u0161anu<\/strong><\/h4>\n
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Kaut var\u0113tu \u0161\u0137ist, ka m\u016bra restaur\u0101cija nevar\u0113tu b\u016bt kaut kas \u012bpa\u0161s, ta\u010du paties\u012bb\u0101 tas ir vesels darb\u012bbu komplekss, kas j\u0101veic restauratoriem, lai atjaunotu tik senas celtnes m\u016br\u0113jumu.<\/p>\n

R\u012bgas Sv\u0113t\u0101 J\u0113kaba Romas kato\u013cu katedr\u0101le celta 13. gadsimta s\u0101kum\u0101 un t\u0101s pa\u0161reiz\u0113jais apjoms veidojies pak\u0101penisk\u0101s p\u0101rb\u016bv\u0113s vair\u0101ku gadsimtu laik\u0101. Saska\u0146\u0101 ar Roberta Malvesa apkopotajiem datiem par bazn\u012bcas b\u016bvv\u0113sturi, t\u0101 celta pirms 1225.\u00a0gada un pirmo reizi min\u0113ta dokumentos 1226.\u00a0gada 5. apr\u012bl\u012b. Savuk\u0101rt R\u012bgas aplenkum\u0101 \u2013 ilgsto\u0161as un m\u0113r\u0137tiec\u012bgas ap\u0161audes laik\u0101 no 1709. l\u012bdz 1710. gadam \u2013 iev\u0113rojami cieta ar\u012b bazn\u012bcas \u0113ka. P\u0113c kara bija j\u0101veic jumta konstrukciju un m\u016bra atjauno\u0161anas darbi, kas, iesp\u0113jams, bija pirmie restaur\u0101cijas darbi J\u0113kaba katedr\u0101les past\u0101v\u0113\u0161anas v\u0113stur\u0113.<\/p>\n

Protams, ka 18. gadsimt\u0101 veiktie labo\u0161anas un atjauno\u0161anas darbi iev\u0113rojami at\u0161\u0137iras no t\u0101, ko restauratori dara \u0161odien. M\u016bsdien\u0101s tiek pielietoti risin\u0101jumi un tehnolo\u0123ijas, kuru tolaik vienk\u0101r\u0161i nebija, ta\u010du konceptu\u0101li ideja saglab\u0101jusies t\u0101 pati. \u201cVispirms m\u0113s veicam m\u016bra att\u012br\u012b\u0161anu no birsto\u0161aj\u0101m, br\u012bvi st\u0101vo\u0161aj\u0101m materi\u0101lu da\u013c\u0101m, kas zaud\u0113ju\u0161as kontaktu ar pamatvirsmu. Tie ir sadal\u012bju\u0161ies un saplais\u0101ju\u0161i \u0137ie\u0123e\u013ci, irsto\u0161as \u0161uves, k\u0101 ar\u012b t\u0101das \u0161uves, kur\u0101m atdal\u012bjusies virs\u0113j\u0101 k\u0101rta. Tam seko att\u012br\u012b\u0161ana no biolo\u0123isk\u0101 uzsl\u0101\u0146ojuma (s\u016bn\u0101m, \u0137\u0113rpjiem u.c.) un virsmas att\u012br\u012b\u0161ana no kr\u0101su notec\u0113jumiem, putek\u013ciem, k\u0101 ar\u012b agr\u0101kajiem cementa labojumiem. Att\u012br\u012b\u0161ana tiek veikta l\u012bdz stabilai m\u016bra virsmai \u2013 kam\u0113r \u0161uves un \u0137ie\u0123e\u013ci tiek piln\u012bb\u0101 att\u012br\u012bti no vis\u0101m birsto\u0161aj\u0101m da\u013c\u0101m,\u201d st\u0101sta Anete Grava.<\/p>\n

N\u0101kamie pla\u0161\u0101kie bazn\u012bcas atjauno\u0161anas darbi ar zin\u0101tnisku ievirzi tika uzs\u0101kti 1890. gadu pirmaj\u0101 pus\u0113 un tika veikti l\u012bdz pat 1902. gadam. L\u012bdz 1895. gadam tos turpin\u0101ja vad\u012bt K. Neiburgers. Darbu ietvaros remont\u0113ja ar\u012b kora austrumu zelmini \u2013 tas redzams k\u0101d\u0101 no v\u0113sturiskajiem fotoatt\u0113liem. 1895. gad\u0101 bazn\u012bcas atjauno\u0161anas darbu vad\u012bbu p\u0101r\u0146\u0113ma Vilhelms Bokslafs. L\u012bdz 1895. gadam pabeidza fas\u0101\u017eu atjauno\u0161anas darbus, taj\u0101 skait\u0101 ar\u012b jauno kora jumtu. Vair\u0101ki paraksti uz jaun\u0101s kora jumta konstrukcijas un \u201cZ\u201d s\u0101nu jom\u0101 dat\u0113ti ar 1896. gadu. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c nosac\u012bti par fas\u0101\u017eu un jumtu p\u0101rb\u016bves nosl\u0113gumu var pie\u0146emt 1896. gadu. Savuk\u0101rt 1971. un 1972. gad\u0101 bazn\u012bcas interjerus p\u0101rb\u016bv\u0113ja arhitektu Andreja Holcma\u0146a un Jurija Vasi\u013cjeva vad\u012bb\u0101.<\/p>\n

\"LBS-59-KATEDRALE_Page_3-MID\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Izmanto speci\u0101lu keramikas \u201carmat\u016bru\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n
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AS\u00a0\u201cB\u016bvuz\u0146\u0113mums Restaurators\u201d speci\u0101liste nor\u0101da, ka p\u0113c fas\u0101des att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas darbiem meistari veic visa m\u016bra virsmas stiprin\u0101\u0161anu, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu t\u0101 notur\u012bbu un lab\u0101ku sasaisti ar papildin\u0101jumu materi\u0101liem \u2013 \u0161uvju javu un \u0137ie\u0123e\u013cu masu. \u0136ie\u0123e\u013cu zudumi tiek papildin\u0101ti ar m\u0101ksl\u012bg\u0101 akmens masu, bet viet\u0101s, kur zudumi liel\u0101ki, \u0137ie\u0123e\u013cos tiek iestiprin\u0101ti speci\u0101li keramikas stien\u012b\u0161i, kas kalpo k\u0101 armat\u016bra, nodro\u0161inot lab\u0101ku pieveidojuma masas notur\u012bbu. \u0136ie\u0123e\u013ci, kur zudumu ir vair\u0101k par 1\/3 no to dzi\u013cuma, tiek p\u0101rm\u016br\u0113ti no jauna.<\/p>\n

Restaur\u0101cijas process nav izticis ar\u012b bez nelieliem \u201catkl\u0101jumiem\u201d. Darba proces\u0101 \u0137ie\u0123e\u013cos vair\u0101k\u0101s viet\u0101s konstat\u0113ti da\u017e\u0101di iespiedumi \u2013 sirsni\u0146a, atsl\u0113dzi\u0146a, dz\u012bvnieka \u0137epa. T\u0101s visticam\u0101k ir \u0137ie\u0123e\u013cu izgatavot\u0101ju atst\u0101tas z\u012bmes.<\/p>\n

\u201cP\u0113c \u0137ie\u0123e\u013cu papildin\u0101\u0161anas tiek veikta m\u016bra \u0161uvo\u0161ana ar ka\u013c\u0137a javu. Fas\u0101d\u0113s izmantoti vair\u0101ki \u0161uvojuma veidi, piel\u0101gojot jaun\u0101s \u0161uves eso\u0161ajiem ori\u0123in\u0101liem. Nobeigum\u0101 \u0161uves un no jauna pieveidotie \u0137ie\u0123e\u013ci tiek papildus retu\u0161\u0113ti un ton\u0113ti, izmantojot spirta-pigmentu mais\u012bjumu. Tas tiek dar\u012bts t\u0101d\u0113\u013c, lai atjaunot\u0101s da\u013cas vizu\u0101li sapl\u016bstu ar apk\u0101rt eso\u0161ajiem ori\u0123in\u0101lajiem m\u016bra fragmentiem,\u201d skaidro restauratore Anete Grava.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

\u00a0Fakti par arhitekt\u016bru un v\u0113sturi<\/strong><\/h4>\n
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