{"id":2635,"date":"2018-10-20T10:00:31","date_gmt":"2018-10-20T07:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/?p=2635"},"modified":"2018-12-19T07:47:28","modified_gmt":"2018-12-19T04:47:28","slug":"zurnals-sveta-jekaba-katedrali-rotas-vara-jumts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/2018\/10\/20\/zurnals-sveta-jekaba-katedrali-rotas-vara-jumts\/","title":{"rendered":"\u017durn\u0101ls: Sv\u0113t\u0101 J\u0113kaba katedr\u0101li rot\u0101s vara jumts"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Jekaba-katedralei-bus-vara-jumts-BUVINZENIERIS_Page_1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Laik\u0101, kad top \u0161is raksts, Latvij\u0101 viesojas Vatik\u0101na valsts vad\u012bt\u0101js un Romas kato\u013cu bazn\u012bcas galva – Vi\u0146a Sv\u0113t\u012bba p\u0101vests Francisks. Min\u0113tais fakts ir mudin\u0101jis daudzas kato\u013cu draudzes uzpost savus dievnamus, bet politi\u0137us \u2013 par\u016bp\u0113ties par v\u0113l da\u017eu valsts noz\u012bmes arhitekt\u016bras pieminek\u013cu save\u0161anu k\u0101rt\u012bb\u0101. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c v\u0113l jo vair\u0101k mums \u0161\u0137iet svar\u012bgi past\u0101st\u012bt par darbiem, kas veikti R\u012bgas Sv\u0113t\u0101 J\u0113kaba Romas kato\u013cu katedr\u0101les restaur\u0101cijas un atjauno\u0161anas laik\u0101.<\/p>\n

Taisn\u012bbas labad gan j\u0101teic, ka vienreiz jau rakst\u012bj\u0101m par \u0161o objektu. Laik\u0101, kad katedr\u0101lei tika veikta tor\u0146a un fas\u0101des v\u0113sturisk\u0101 \u0137ie\u0123e\u013cu m\u016bra restaur\u0101cija. Tagad t\u0101 ir veiksm\u012bgi nosl\u0113gusies un piln\u0101 spar\u0101 rit n\u0101kam\u0101 k\u0101rta – alt\u0101rtelpas, cokola, \u0101r\u0113jo t\u012bklu un jumta (iz\u0146emot torni) restaur\u0101cijas darbu veik\u0161ana. Projektu izstr\u0101d\u0101jusi SIA \u201cArhitektonisk\u0101s izp\u0113tes grupa\u201d, bet autoruzraudz\u012bbu veic arhitekts Art\u016brs Lapi\u0146\u0161. Savuk\u0101rt b\u016bvdarbi un restaur\u0101cijas darbi uztic\u0113ti akciju sabiedr\u012bbai \u201cB\u016bvuz\u0146\u0113mums Restaurators\u201d.<\/p>\n

Noz\u012bm\u012bga arhitektoniska dominante<\/strong><\/h4>\n
\n

1225. gad\u0101 celt\u0101 bazn\u012bca ir valsts noz\u012bmes arhitekt\u016bras piemineklis, Romas kato\u013cu R\u012bgas metropolijas R\u012bgas arhidiec\u0113zes draudzes katedr\u0101le un arhib\u012bskapa rezidence Vecr\u012bg\u0101, J\u0113kaba iel\u0101 9. V\u0113sturiski \u0161is ir ar\u012b pirmais ofici\u0101lais latvie\u0161u draudzes dievnams R\u012bg\u0101 \u2013 1523. gad\u0101.<\/p>\n

R\u012bgas kult\u016brv\u0113sturiskajai videi noz\u012bm\u012bga celtne gan k\u0101 arhitekt\u016bras piemineklis, kur\u0101 saglab\u0101ti ar\u012b daudzi Latvijas sakr\u0101l\u0101s m\u0101kslas kontekst\u0101 noz\u012bm\u012bgi m\u0101kslas pieminek\u013ci, gan k\u0101 UNESCO Pasaules kult\u016bras mantojuma sarakst\u0101 iek\u013caut\u0101 R\u012bgas v\u0113sturisk\u0101 centra b\u016btiska arhitektoniska dominante. K\u0101 Romas kato\u013cu Bazn\u012bcas arhib\u012bskapa katedr\u0101le Sv\u0113t\u0101 J\u0113kaba bazn\u012bca kop\u0101 ar tai l\u012bdz\u0101s eso\u0161o Sv\u0113t\u0101s Marijas Magdal\u0113nas bazn\u012bcu, k\u016brijas un klostera \u0113k\u0101m, k\u0101 ar\u012b da\u017e\u0101du kato\u013cu laju organiz\u0101ciju m\u012btn\u0113m, veido \u0161\u012bs konfesijas gar\u012bgo centru R\u012bg\u0101. \u0160obr\u012bd J\u0113kaba bazn\u012bca ir R\u012bgas kato\u013cu centrs.<\/p>\n

\u0160ai sam\u0113r\u0101 nelielajai bazn\u012bcai (garums apm\u0113ram 50m) ir visai izteiksm\u012bgs slaids tornis (86m), kas lab\u0101k par p\u0101r\u0113jiem saglab\u0101jis R\u012bgas viduslaiku bazn\u012bcu tor\u0146iem rakstur\u012bgo piramid\u0101lo formu (bazn\u012bcas torni rot\u0101 nevis krusti, bet gan gai\u013ci). P\u0113c pl\u0101nojuma Sv. J\u0113kaba bazn\u012bca ir tipiska lauku bazn\u012bca (Dorfkirche). Dievnams sast\u0101v no kora, \u012bsas tr\u012bsjoma draudzes telpas un tor\u0146a, kas novietots virs vidusjoma rietumu travejas un nosl\u0113dzas ar gotisku smaili. Kvadr\u0101tveida bezaps\u012bdas koris, kuru sedz krusta velves bez nerv\u012br\u0101m, nor\u0101da uz cistercie\u0161u arhitekt\u016bras ietekmi.<\/p>\n

\"Jekaba-katedralei-bus-vara-jumts-BUVINZENIERIS_Page_2\"<\/a>V\u0113rien\u012bgi protez\u0113\u0161anas darbi<\/strong><\/h4>\n
\n

\u0112kas restaur\u0101cijas darbu laik\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161a uzman\u012bba tiek velt\u012bta jumta konstrukcij\u0101m, kuru labo\u0161ana un nostiprin\u0101\u0161ana, dom\u0101jams, nebija veikta kop\u0161 1826. gada, kad str\u0101dnieki, kas to dar\u012bja, bija atst\u0101ju\u0161i jumta sp\u0101r\u0113s iegrav\u0113tas liec\u012bbas. Attiec\u012bgi ar\u012b pa\u0161as jumta konstrukcijas bija sal\u012bdzino\u0161i slikt\u0101 st\u0101vokl\u012b. It \u012bpa\u0161i taj\u0101s da\u013c\u0101s, kas atrad\u0101s pie m\u016brlatas.<\/p>\n

\u201cS\u0101kotn\u0113ji objekt\u0101 pa tv\u0113rieniem tiek veikta eso\u0161\u0101 sk\u0101rda demont\u0101\u017ea un utiliz\u0101cija. Veicot seguma demont\u0101\u017eu, tika no\u0146emts ar\u012b jumta d\u0113\u013cu kl\u0101js \u2013 boj\u0101t\u0101 koksne utiliz\u0113ta. Savuk\u0101rt eso\u0161\u0101 jumta konstrukcija tika speci\u0101li balst\u012bta, lai b\u016btu iesp\u0113jams veikt trup\u0113ju\u0161o koka konstrukciju nomai\u0146u un protez\u0113\u0161anas darbus. Balst\u012b\u0161anas darbiem tika izb\u016bv\u0113ta papildu konstrukcija no stikla \u0161\u0137iedras kompoz\u012bta materi\u0101liem un kravas nostiprin\u0101\u0161anas siksn\u0101m ar spriegot\u0101jiem. Konstrukcijas izb\u016bvei tika izmantotas dubult\u0101s \u201cT\u201d sijas ar 200x200mm \u0161\u0137\u0113rsgriezumu, bet pati konstrukcija tika veidota izjaucama un p\u0101rvietojama, lai darbus veiktu pa tv\u0113rieniem. \u0160\u0101ds risin\u0101jums tika patapin\u0101ts no l\u012bdz\u012bg\u0101m konstrukcij\u0101m, kas tika veidotas R\u012bgas Doma katedr\u0101les jumta restaur\u0101cijas laik\u0101. Darbi katr\u0101 posm\u0101 vid\u0113ji tika veikti aptuveni 14 dienu laik\u0101, ieskaitot pagaidu konstrukcijas mont\u0101\u017eu un demont\u0101\u017eu. Konstrukcijas mont\u0101\u017ea tika veikta balstmezglu zon\u0101s. Katr\u0101 posm\u0101, p\u0113c pagaidu konstrukcijas uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas, darbi tika veikti noteiktaj\u0101 sec\u012bb\u0101,\u201d st\u0101sta AS \u201cB\u016bvuz\u0146\u0113mums Restaurators\u201d atbild\u012bgais b\u016bvdarbu vad\u012bt\u0101js D\u0101vis Priede. Tiesa, vi\u0146\u0161 gan atz\u012bst, ka \u0161\u0101di darbi tikai veikti vien pirmajos posmos, jo v\u0113l\u0101k jau tika izmantota vair\u0101ku domkratu sist\u0113ma, kas iev\u0113rojami pa\u0101trin\u0101ja visu procesu \u2013 \u201ckad atrad\u0101m lab\u0101ku risin\u0101jumu, pagaidu konstrukcijas vairs nemont\u0113jam, jo tas aiz\u0146emtu p\u0101r\u0101k daudz laika.\u201d<\/p>\n

D\u0101vis Priede skaidro, ka \u201cp\u0113c jumta konstrukcijas nobalst\u012b\u0161anas tika veikta boj\u0101to m\u016brlatu demont\u0101\u017ea un eso\u0161\u0101 balstmezgla p\u0101rm\u016br\u0113\u0161ana. Balstmezgls tika demont\u0113ts ar rok\u0101m, saglab\u0101jot veselos \u0137ie\u0123e\u013cus otrreiz\u0113jai izmanto\u0161anai, savuk\u0101rt boj\u0101tie \u0137ie\u0123e\u013ci tika aizst\u0101ti ar atg\u016btiem vai jauniem m\u0101la piln\u0137ie\u0123e\u013ciem. P\u0113c balstmezglu atjauno\u0161anas tika veikta boj\u0101to koka konstrukciju nomai\u0146a un protez\u0113\u0161anas darbi. Koka prot\u0113z\u0113m tika pas\u016bt\u012bts speci\u0101li saz\u0101\u0123\u0113ts kokmateri\u0101ls, bet pa\u0161u prot\u0113\u017eu izgatavo\u0161ana tika veikta uz vietas objekt\u0101.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"Jekaba-katedralei-bus-vara-jumts-BUVINZENIERIS_Page_3\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Projekt\u0101 tika izmantota ar antisepti\u0137i \u2013 antipir\u0113nu apstr\u0101d\u0101ta gaissausa priedes koksne, kuras pie\u013caujamais mitrums koksn\u0113 bija 18-20%, savuk\u0101rt neso\u0161\u0101m konstrukcij\u0101m tika izmantoti C24 stipr\u012bbas klases kokmateri\u0101li. T\u0101 k\u0101 dievnamam bija paredz\u0113ts patin\u0113ta vara sk\u0101rda seguma jumts, tad koksnes apstr\u0101dei tika izmantoti aizsargl\u012bdzek\u013ci, kam nav nov\u0113rojama mijiedarb\u012bba ar vara sk\u0101rdu. Protez\u0113\u0161anas darbu savienojumi tika veidoti atbilsto\u0161i projekt\u0101 nor\u0101d\u012btajiem protez\u0113\u0161anas pa\u0146\u0113mieniem. Piem\u0113ram, visu protez\u0113jamo elementu prot\u0113\u017eu vietas tika atliktas vismaz 400mm att\u0101lm\u0101 no trupes. Savuk\u0101rt m\u016brlatu pagarin\u0101\u0161anai atbilsto\u0161i projektam kokmateri\u0101los tika veidoti attiec\u012bgi iecirtumi, bet pa\u0161as m\u016brlatas un uzsp\u0101res tika mont\u0113tas uz ozolkoka palikt\u0146iem. Visbeidzot \u2013 m\u016brlatas fiks\u0113tas izmantojot cinkotus v\u012bt\u0146stie\u0146us un \u201cHilti\u201d \u0137\u012bmiju. Katra protez\u0113jam\u0101 vieta tika apsekota kop\u0101 ar b\u016bvkonstruktoru un pie\u0146emts l\u0113mums vai to nepiecie\u0161ams protez\u0113t k\u0101 nor\u0101d\u012bts b\u016bvprojekt\u0101 vai nepiecie\u0161amas korekcijas. Kopum\u0101 b\u016bvprojekts izstr\u0101d\u0101ts kvalitat\u012bvi un b\u016bvniekiem negaid\u012btu p\u0101rsteigumu projekta realiz\u0101cij\u0101 pagaid\u0101m nav bijis. Katram mezglam veikta fotofiks\u0101cija un uzm\u0113r\u012bjumi pirms un p\u0113c protez\u0113\u0161anas, kas v\u0113l\u0101k tiks apkopots restaur\u0101cijas pas\u0113.<\/p>\n

Interesants ir fakts, ka visu katedr\u0101les koka konstrukciju protez\u0113\u0161anai kopum\u0101 izmantoti ap 40 kubikmetriem kokmateri\u0101lu.<\/p>\n

P\u0113c remonta un protez\u0113\u0161anas darbu beig\u0161anas tika veikta pagaidu konstrukcijas domont\u0101\u017ea, p\u0101rvieto\u0161ana uz n\u0101kamo posmu un jumta konstrukcijas \u201cuzs\u0113din\u0101\u0161ana\u201d uz jaun\u0101s m\u016brlatas.<\/p>\n

V\u0113sturiskais met\u0101ls ar\u012b tiek saglab\u0101ts<\/strong><\/h4>\n
\n

\u201cAr\u012b v\u0113sturiskie met\u0101la elementi tika att\u012br\u012bti l\u012bdz stabilai virsmai un nogrunt\u0113ti ar svina m\u012bnija grunti, p\u0113c kr\u0101soti ar line\u013c\u013cas kr\u0101su atbilsto\u0161i projektam. Koka konstrukciju mezglu pastiprin\u0101\u0161ana tika veikta, izmantojot metin\u0101tus un cinkotus t\u0113rauda savienojuma elementus. Visi metin\u0101mie savienojuma elementi tika izgatavoti darbn\u012bc\u0101, jo uz vietas objekt\u0101 metin\u0101\u0161anas darbi ugunsdro\u0161\u012bbas apsv\u0113rumu netika veikti,\u201d nor\u0101da AS \u201cB\u016bvuz\u0146\u0113mums Restaurators\u201d atbild\u012bgais b\u016bvdarbu vad\u012bt\u0101js D\u0101vis Priede.<\/p>\n

Visbeidzot katedr\u0101lei tiek iekl\u0101ts patin\u0113ta vara sk\u0101rda seguma jumts, ko veic, iev\u0113rojot ra\u017eot\u0101ja instrukcijas un nor\u0101d\u012bjumus. Atbilsto\u0161i projektam tika izb\u016bv\u0113tas v\u0113din\u0101\u0161anas l\u016bkas, jumta apkalpes sist\u0113ma un jauna nokri\u0161\u0146u noteksist\u0113ma (ar\u012b no patin\u0113ta vara sk\u0101rda).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Laik\u0101, kad top \u0161is raksts, Latvij\u0101 viesojas Vatik\u0101na valsts vad\u012bt\u0101js un Romas kato\u013cu bazn\u012bcas galva – Vi\u0146a Sv\u0113t\u012bba p\u0101vests Francisks. Min\u0113tais fakts ir mudin\u0101jis daudzas kato\u013cu draudzes uzpost savus dievnamus, bet politi\u0137us \u2013 par\u016bp\u0113ties par v\u0113l da\u017eu valsts noz\u012bmes arhitekt\u016bras pieminek\u013cu save\u0161anu k\u0101rt\u012bb\u0101. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c v\u0113l jo vair\u0101k mums \u0161\u0137iet svar\u012bgi past\u0101st\u012bt par darbiem, kas veikti\u2026<\/p>\n

Turpin\u0101t las\u012bt<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2624,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,42,140,139,110,138,141,12,441,443,442,243,325,130,43],"tags":[447,445,444,448,397,433,436,435,453,454,446,455,452,451,450,449],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2635"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2635"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2635\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2636,"href":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2635\/revisions\/2636"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2624"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2635"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2635"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.restaurators.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2635"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}